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Marriage tax allowance

Get a tax break worth up to £1,250

Kit Sproson
Kit Sproson | Edited by Martin Lewis
Updated 8 April 2024

If you're married or in a civil partnership and under 89 years old, you may be entitled to a £1,260 tax break called the marriage tax allowance – something around 2.1 million qualifying couples miss out on. It's really easy to apply and take advantage of this tax break. This guide walks you through who's eligible and how to claim.

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WARNING: Beware googling 'marriage tax allowance'. Some shyster firms will charge you for applying (they try to look official), but it's FREE to apply. Follow our guide and the correct links below to do it safely and at no cost.

Watch Martin's four-minute marriage tax allowance briefing

Before reading the full detail below, first watch MoneySavingExpert.com founder Martin Lewis's four-minute introductory video on marriage tax allowance and how you can claim it.

Embedded YouTube Video

This clip has been taken from The Martin Lewis Money Show Live on Tuesday 12 March 2024, with the permission of ITV Studios. All rights reserved. Watch the full episode on the ITVX Hub.

What is the marriage tax allowance and who can get it?

The marriage tax allowance allows you to transfer £1,260 of your personal allowance to your spouse or civil partner if they earn more than you. Your personal allowance is the amount you can earn tax-free each tax year. It takes into account all taxable income, whether that’s a salary, pension or other forms of income – meaning even pensioners drawing a pension may qualify. 

If your claim is successful, it will lower the higher earner's tax bill for the tax year, but you can also backdate your claim if eligible. Only people with specific circumstances will be able to apply:

  • You need to be married or in a civil partnership. Just living together doesn't count.

  • One of you needs to be a non-taxpayer. This usually means you'll earn less than the £12,570 personal allowance between 6 April 2024 and 5 April 2025. To get the full benefit, the non-taxpayer actually needs to earn £11,310 or less.

  • The other partner needs to be a basic 20% rate taxpayer. This means you'd normally need to earn less than £50,270, or if you live in Scotland it's £43,662. Higher or additional-rate taxpayers aren't eligible for this allowance.

  • You both must have been born on or after 6 April 1935. If not, there's a different tax perk. 

In simple terms, one of you must be a non-taxpayer and one must be a basic-rate taxpayer. Yet, sadly, it's not always that simple... do the few checks below before applying:

Watch out if you're close to the income limit

Where the non-taxpayer earns between £11,310 and £12,570, there is a chance you and your partner won't benefit from marriage tax allowance because of the way the tax is calculated. In some cases, you could actually end up out of pocket (even if you're technically eligible).

So if you're a non-taxpayer earning more than £11,310 check whether you'll actually benefit before applying for marriage tax allowance.

Not sure if you're a non-taxpayer?

In rare circumstances, your personal allowance (the amount you can earn tax-free) may be different to the amounts above, but your tax code letter will tell you. This could be because you have a company car, you owe tax or your savings interest takes you over the threshold (see savings interest). For more guidance on tax codes, see our Free Tax Code Calculator.

Taxpaying partner earning just over £50,270? 

Marriage tax allowance has the effect of reducing the amount of tax your spouse or civil partner needs to pay.

However, while this is a result of transferring a portion of your personal allowance to your spouse, technically this transfer doesn't increase the threshold at which they'd need to start paying higher rate tax, nor does it increase their own amount of personal allowance.

This distinction is important as it means anybody currently earning slightly over £50,270 can't qualify for marriage tax allowance on the basis that a personal allowance transfer would bring them to within the band of basic rate tax. 

As stated above, the basic rate taxpayer will need to be earning less than £50,270 in order to qualify.

  • Increasing your pension contributions might make you eligible though

    If you earn above £50,270, but your pension contributions drop your take-home pay to under £50,270, you may still qualify for marriage tax allowance.

    If you're on the pay-as-you-earn system (PAYE), HM Revenue & Customs should already be aware of how much you contribute to your pension. If you self-assess, make sure you specify how much you're contributing to your pension, so HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) can see your take-home pay is below the £50,270 threshold.

    If your pension contributions vary each month, or you're not sure whether you'll be a basic or higher-rate taxpayer in one particular year, HMRC recommends waiting until the end of that tax year and deciding then whether to apply or not.

How much can I get?

Marriage tax allowance for the 2024/25 tax year is worth up to £252. If you're eligible and apply successfully, you'll also automatically get the tax break each year going forward – so no need to keep reapplying.

In addition to the current year's allowance, you can backdate your claim by up to four tax years too, provided you were eligible – currently 2020/21, 2021/22 and 2022/23, 2023/24. 

The amounts for each year are worth up to:

  • 2024/25 - £252
  • 2023/24 - £252
  • 2022/23 – £252
  • 2021/22 – £252
  • 2020/21 – £250

This means that if you claim for this tax year and backdate the maximum four years, you'll get up to £1,258. You won't have to tick any boxes or make a special request for this – it'll happen automatically. If you're unsure if you're entitled, use HMRC's marriage tax calculator to see if you can claim.

The rest of this guide uses allowances and thresholds for the 2024/25 tax year, though as we say above you can also claim for four previous tax years.

How the marriage tax allowance is calculated

The partner who has an unused amount of personal allowance can transfer £1,260 of their allowance to the other (so basically 10% of the full allowance). They can only transfer £1,260 – no more, no less.

Here's an example to show how it works:

Part-time Peter works just enough and earns £5,000 at his local fish and chip shop. His full personal allowance for the year is £12,570, so he has plenty of spare allowance to transfer £1,260 to his wife.

Peter's wife, full-time Fiona, is a software developer. She earns £35,000 and is a basic-rate taxpayer (higher-rate tax starts at £50,270 for most). Her personal allowance effectively increases by £1,260 to £13,830 when Peter chooses to make his transfer.

So she has an extra £1,260 which she would've paid tax on at 20%, but is now tax-free, so she's £252 up (20% of £1,260).

How and when will I get the money?

It depends on which year you're claiming for:

  • For the current tax year, the higher earner will simply pay slightly less tax on their take-home pay. This is done by adjusting the recipient partner's personal tax code. The partner who transferred their personal allowance will also receive a new tax code, if employed.

    - How long will it take until you see a change to your take-home pay? It usually takes two days to get a new tax code. But when you'll see a difference to your pay depends on if your employer gets it in time for the payroll cut-off date. For example, if you get paid on the 25th each month and your employer gets your new tax code on the 10th, it's likely to be applied that month, but if they only get it on the 23rd you'll likely have to wait another month.

    - Self-employed? If you're self-employed, your self-assessment tax bill will be reduced as HMRC will take into account that you've now got a bigger allowance.

  • If you're backdating for previous years, you will get a payout. You can either get it via a bank transfer or receive a cheque.

    - How long will it take until you get the money? If you've submitted your claim online, it will take around two weeks for HMRC to process and for you to see the money in your account. If you've submitted a form by post, HMRC says it will take between 24 and 29 working days after receipt to get the money.

MoneySavers' successes

So if you're earning near the £12,570 basic-rate income tax threshold, look carefully at the tax gain and loss each of you would have before you commit to transferring the allowance to your partner. 

We've been inundated with emails from MoneySavers who've had their tax codes changed and got money back. Here is some inspiration...

Thanks for your info, we got a cheque for £923.52 within a week of applying.
- Kevin & Sue

I made a claim for this year and previous years. I was amazed to get a rebate of £1,100. My wife is terminally ill and this money will enable us to tick off another part of her bucket list. I cannot tell you how grateful we are.
- Tommy

Many thanks for your tip on transferring my wife's tax allowance. I have just received a cheque from HMRC for £994.66. 
- Len

The non-taxpayer needs to apply for the marriage tax allowance

It really is very simple, and only takes a few minutes – just use the application on the HMRC website. To do it, you'll need your and your partner's national insurance numbers and two of a range of different acceptable forms of ID for the non-taxpayer. If there's a problem doing it via the web, just call 0300 200 3300 and do it by phone.

It's worth noting that you can only apply for those years in which you both met the criteria. So, for example, if you earned more than the £12,500 personal allowance in 2020/21, HMRC won't allow you to claim it.

If the taxpayer applies, you're doing it the wrong way round and it won't work. Here's what to expect:

  • After going through the application process, you'll immediately be informed that your application has been received via email (you can apply over the phone too). If you were also eligible for the allowance in previous tax years, you'll have to select this option as part of the application process.

  • Although the onus is on you to check you're eligible, HMRC will write to inform you if you're not – although you may have to wait a few weeks.

  • There's no cut-off date to apply, but if you want to apply retrospectively all the way back to the 2020/21 tax year, you need to do so by 5 April 2025. When you're applying for the current year, it's paid via changing your tax code over the remaining months of the tax year.

You do NOT have to apply every year. Your personal allowance will transfer automatically to your partner until you inform HMRC otherwise. If your relationship ends either of you can cancel the allowance, but if you're cancelling because your circumstances have changed – for example, because employment is pushing you into a higher-rate tax threshold – the person who made the claim needs to cancel.

Once you've applied, you (or your partner) will get the extra allowance either:

  • By changing the higher earner's tax code, which can take up to two months, OR 

  • When they file their self-assessment tax return.

MOST couples will benefit from marriage tax allowance, but SOME will lose out – check carefully if that's you before applying

We're sometimes asked whether there are scenarios when it's NOT worth applying for marriage tax allowance. It's a legitimate question to ask, as there actually is a scenario where applying for marriage tax allowance might leave you out of pocket. There's also a scenario where the non-taxpayer will start to pay tax, though not enough to offset the gain.

We run through these two scenarios here, with examples to help...

There'll be a slight GAIN if one of you is a non-taxpayer earning just below £12,570 and the other's a basic-rate taxpayer earning comfortably above

If you're the non-taxpayer and you earn slightly below £12,570, then by transferring £1,260 of your personal allowance to your partner, you will likely start having to pay income tax (oh no!).

However, in most cases like this it'll STILL be worth you applying for marriage tax allowance – provided your partner comfortably earns above £12,570. Even if you've now got an income tax bill, the tax saving your partner makes should outweigh the loss you're incurring. Here's an example:

Peter earns £11,970 and is a non-taxpayer (as the personal allowance is £12,570). His wife Fiona earns £16,070 and is a basic-rate taxpayer (she's charged 20% on the £3,500 above £12,570). If Peter decides to transfer some of his personal allowance to Fiona, he'll have no choice but to transfer the full £1,260. That effectively leaves him with a personal allowance of £11,310 (that's £12,570 minus £1,260) and 'increases' Fiona's personal allowance to £13,830 (that's £12,570 plus £1,260).

Peter now earns £660 more than his personal allowance (which is £11,310), meaning he'll pay basic-rate tax for the year of £132 (20% of £660). Meanwhile, the £1,260 personal allowance 'increase' Fiona gets means she'll get to keep an extra £252 (equivalent to 20% tax on £1,260). The net gain for Peter and Fiona is therefore £120.

And here's another example of this in practice from one of our MoneySavers...

Many thanks for recommending that we consider applying for marriage tax allowance. The transfer of some of my wife's tax allowance to myself has resulted in a cheque from HM Revenue & Customs for £968, plus each year going forward there will be further tax savings.

It was simple to do and the money is most welcome during these difficult times. 
- Gary

There'll be a LOSS if one of you is a non-taxpayer earning just below £12,570 and the other's a basic-rate taxpayer earning just above

This is the scenario where applying for marriage tax allowance may actually leave you out of pocket. This happens when the loss incurred by the non-taxpayer outweighs the gain made by the taxpayer. Let's use another example to explain this:

Peter earns £11,970 and is a non-taxpayer (as the personal allowance is £12,570). His wife Fiona earns £12,870 and is a basic-rate taxpayer (she's charged 20% on the £300 above £12,570). If Peter decides to transfer some of his personal allowance to Fiona, he'll have no choice but to transfer the full £1,260. That effectively leaves him with a personal allowance of £11,310 (that's £12,570 minus £1,260) and 'increases' Fiona's personal allowance to £13,830 (that's £12,570 plus £1,260).

Peter now earns £660 more than his personal allowance (which is £11,310), meaning he'll pay basic-rate tax for the year of £132 (20% of £660). Meanwhile, the £1,260 personal allowance 'increase' Fiona gets means she'll get to keep an extra £60 (equivalent to 20% tax on £300 – the amount she was paying tax on).

The net loss to Peter and Fiona is £72 – showing that in this circumstance, couples could lose out.

Marriage tax allowance FAQs

  • What happens if we divorce, dissolve our civil partnership or want to cancel the marriage tax allowance?

    To cancel the allowance, you must contact HMRC.

  • Will I be fined if I've applied in error?

    Although it's unlikely your application would be accepted if you weren't eligible, you still won't be fined. If you were accepted, any underpaid tax would be collected through a PAYE code adjustment.

  • Could I end up paying more tax?

    Applying can prompt HMRC to look at your tax position. As millions are on the wrong tax code, for some this means getting notes that they owe HMRC money (for others, notes that it owes them). If this happens, some people blame the marriage tax allowance – yet actually all that's happening is your application has crystallised HMRC to look at an existing problem. At some point, you'd have needed to pay that anyway.

  • What if one of us is self-employed or both of us are?

    It doesn't matter. As long as you meet the criteria above, you can apply. The only difference is if the recipient partner is in self-assessment, it will reduce their self-assessment bill.

  • I have savings interest – can I still get the marriage tax allowance?

    It's all about what counts as a non-taxpayer, and it does get complicated as there's something called the tax-free savings allowance for lower incomes, which is a separate £5,000 tax-free allowance for people who just have income from savings.

    The crucial part is that even if you have savings interest, as long as you're not a taxpayer, you can still apply for and benefit from the marriage tax allowance.

  • What happens if we've applied and then cease to be eligible midway through the tax year?

    Examples of this include if the taxpayer gets a pay rise that makes them a higher-rate taxpayer for the year, if the taxpayer has flexible income or if the non-taxpayer starts working.

    If that happens, HMRC will not know until the end of the tax year thanks to the way tax is calculated. It doesn't matter even if the taxpayer is occasionally pushed into the higher-rate tax band, as long as their total income for the tax year doesn't exceed £50,270 (£43,662 in Scotland).

    At the end of the tax year HMRC will reconcile your tax affairs, send a P800 calculation and recover any tax due in the following year through an adjustment to your tax code to claw it back via the payroll (or self-assessment for the self-employed).

  • What if overtime pushes us slightly above the threshold?

    What counts is how much you earn over the course of a tax year – so as long as the non-taxpayer earns less than £12,570 in a tax year, and the basic-rate taxpayer's total income is less than £50,270 (£43,662 in Scotland) for the same tax year, you'd qualify.

    If you do claim for the current year and end up going over the threshold, any underpaid tax would be recovered through a tax code change the following year.

  • Can I still apply if my partner has passed away?

    Yes. Widows and widowers are able to claim backdated marriage tax allowance – though only as far back as 2019.

    So if you and your spouse qualified for marriage tax allowance at any point since April 2019 but you didn't make your claim before your partner's death, you can apply retrospectively.

    You'll get the payment for each year in which both of you were alive and met the qualifying criteria – even if your partner died on day one of the tax year, you'd get the payout for the whole tax year. It doesn't matter if the taxpayer or the non-taxpayer has died, you'll qualify regardless.

    Applications need to be made over the phone via HMRC's income tax helpline, where an adviser will take you through the process. 

    Please note that if the deceased was the taxpayer, then the surviving partner can apply directly to HMRC. But if the deceased was the non-taxpayer, then the person responsible for managing their tax affairs will have to apply (this may or may not be the surviving partner). Who bears responsibility for managing a non-taxpayer's tax affairs depends on whether the deceased left a will:

    • Where there is a will. An executor will be named. This person will need to contact HMRC.

    • Where there isn't a will. An administrator – normally the closest living relative – will need to contact HMRC instead. See the Gov.uk website for more information on establishing who the closest living relative is.

  • What happens if my partner dies after we've applied?

    If your partner dies after you've transferred the £1,260 allowance to them, their estate will be treated as having an increased personal allowance (ie, less tax will be taken from the inheritance) while your own personal allowance will revert back to what it was before the transfer.

    If your partner transferred some of their personal allowance to you before they died, your own personal allowance will stay at the higher level until the end of the tax year, while their estate will be treated as having the lower amount.

  • I was born before 6 April 1935 – why can't I get this?

    There's a different, better allowance available to you that HMRC is phasing out. If one of you is 89 or over, you could qualify for the married couple's (and civil partner's) allowance. This could give you a reduction on your tax bill of up to £1,108 a year. However, if you're an unmarried couple (even if you're living together), you get nowt.

  • Isn't this discriminatory against people who aren't married or who earn more?

    Quite simply, yes. This is a Government policy to reward the institution of marriage – its view being that marriage provides a more stable family.

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