Energy Mythbusting

According to experts at the Energy Saving Trust, as well as British Gas, the idea that it's cheaper to leave the heating on low all day is a myth. They're clear that having the heating on only when you need it is, in the long run, the best way to save energy, and therefore money. (Using a timer's best, because your thermostat is designed to turn your heating on and off to keep your home at the temperature you set it.)

The key thing to understand here is that it's all about the total amount of energy required to heat your home.

It's a given that a certain amount of energy is constantly leaking out of your home (though exactly how much will depend on how good your insulation is). So the Energy Saving Trust says if you're keeping the heating on all day you're losing energy all day - and therefore it's better to heat your home only when you need it.

However, it's not quite that clear-cut. Some specialists disagree – and argue you should keep the heating on constantly for an entirely different reason.

They advocate keeping the heating on low all day, turning all radiator valves up to the max and the boiler down to the minimum, and say that the problem with turning the heating on and off is that every time it's turned off, condensation collects within the walls. This condensation can help conduct heat outside the home, they say – meaning you leak heat more quickly and so will use more energy as a result.

MSE forum feedback: Some complain only having the heating on when required risks you being cold, because it can take time to heat up homes, especially larger ones. Of course, that may be true, but this is a MoneySaving site, so we’re focused on cost.

Yet as a balance, if you go down the route of having the heating on only at certain times, you could switch the timer on a little bit earlier, so the house will be nice and toasty when needed, but you’re not pumping out energy all day.

Bizarrely, this one actually works – although clingfilm is more normally used to wrap up your sandwiches, it can actually help keep your home warm. The idea is that putting a sheet on your window traps a small layer of air which can help stop heat escaping.

According to the Energy Saving Trust, in principle you can use any material for the second layer of glazing, as long as it's transparent and airtight.

However, there are a number of factors to take into account. While clingfilm works in theory (or as a short-term measure), in practice you'll probably want to use specialist secondary glazing as it'll last longer. If you have double-glazing, adding a third layer could still make you a little warmer, but the benefit will be much less than when dealing with a single glazed window.

If your windows are draughty, it's worth fixing that as well as adding secondary glazing, as otherwise you'll only get half the benefit.

If you have a gas, oil or LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) central heating system, it will always be cheaper to set the system timer so the hot water comes on only when required.

However, if you use an electrical immersion heater and have an Economy 7 or 10 tariff (where energy is cheaper at night), it's cheaper to heat your water during the night. Make sure your tank is well insulated to prevent it cooling during the day, though.

For more on this, our Economy 7: Is It Right For You? guide sets out to crack whether those with it should stick, and if those without it should switch. It also includes nine tips to max it, eg, beware when the clocks move - Economy 7 timers can be set incorrectly.

MSE tip: If you're unsure what tariff you're on, check your latest energy bill or ask your energy company.

Electric heaters are one of the most expensive forms of heating. Generally, the cheapest way is using an efficient gas central heating system, with a full set of thermostatic radiator valves, a room thermostat and a timer.

Try to unplug chargers when not in use. British Gas says on its website that a lot of chargers use energy when left in a socket (if the charger is warm, it's using energy).

A lot of devices, such as games consoles, laptops and TVs, also draw power when plugged in and not in use. This is sometimes known as 'vampire power'. Using this standby power can be easily avoided by switching devices off at the wall.

The Energy Saving Trust estimates that a typical household wastes between £50 and £80 a year by leaving devices plugged in or on standby.

If you're on an Economy 7 or 10 tariff, you'll pay less during the night, but a higher rate than average during the day. But if you're on another tariff, it doesn't make any difference.

MSE tip: This has been answered from an energy use perspective. Before you use an appliance at night, check it's safe. If you're unsure what tariff you're on, check your latest energy bill or ask your energy company. For more help, see Economy 7: Is It Right For You?

It's best to have as many controls as possible, so you're in charge of the way you want your home to be heated. Installing thermostatic radiator valves and using them with your thermostat could save £75 per year according to the Energy Saving Trust.

The EST recommends using the thermostat to control the heat in your main living space and using thermostatic radiator valves to lower the heating in rooms you don't use as often.

Thermostats control your boiler, while radiator valves control the water flow through each individual radiator.

Your thermostat controls your home's temperature, so once it hits the temperature you set on the thermostat, the boiler will go off, until the room temperature drops again.

Radiator valves are an extra control which you can use to set the temperature of each individual room (other than where your main thermostat is). This means you can set some rooms to be cooler than others if you don’t use them very often (saving energy and money).

When the temperature in that room rises above what’s set on the radiator valve, it will stop water flowing through that particular radiator - the boiler will still be on to heat other rooms, but it will use less energy.

Where painting your radiators black is concerned, the answer's no. It's best to keep them the standard white, although the difference is not huge. Radiator panels can save energy, but not very much. It's more important to insulate your walls to prevent the heat leaking out of your home altogether. See our Free Insulation guide for more.

MSE forum feedback: This answer was disputed. Some say black is a more efficient colour at absorbing and then giving off heat, while others say that by painting a radiator, the paint itself can act as an insulator. This means less heat is transferred to the room.

As for putting reflective panels behind radiators, yes, these could help cut energy use. The idea's they reflect heat from the radiator back into the room, so it doesn't escape through external walls. The Energy Saving Trust says homes with uninsulated walls will get most benefit.

There is no one answer for this. It's highly dependent on the heating system you use, and the usage in other areas of the house.

It's better to keep doors closed for the area you want heated.

Radiators, electric panel heaters and convection heaters all work by creating a convection current in a room. As hot air rises, it circles around to the other side of the room, cools and sinks and travels back along the floor to the heater to be reheated again.

Closing doors makes sure this current remains within the designated space.

Turn them off when you don't need them. Also avoid leaving TVs and other devices on standby.

MSE forum feedback: While turning devices off completely saves energy, the difference can be negligible. So don't bank on this solving all your energy woes.

An airer is better because tumble dryers use a lot of energy.

Try timing it so you put your washing out on a clothes horse during the hours your heating comes on. Drying your clothes indoors on an airer can cause problems with condensation and damp, especially in old and poorly insulated homes, so it is best to dry your clothes outdoors whenever the weather allows.

MSE tip: After checking this out, we found that the National House-Building Council says on its website: "If you need to dry clothes indoors, open the window and close the door of the room where the clothes are drying, so moisture can escape rather than circulate around your home."

This depends what you're after. Halogen heaters are directional. Once on, you instantly feel the heat. As soon as you turn them off, the heat quickly dissipates. Convection heaters, electric panel heaters or free-standing electric radiators work by heating the air around them to create a convection current. They take some time to heat a room, but once turned off the heat lingers.

Usually, it’s best to use your central heating to heat your home rather than relying on electric heaters, especially if you have gas central heating. If you're only using a couple of rooms, you can use thermostatic radiator valves so that your central heating isn't heating empty rooms. Electricity is much more expensive than gas, so using electric heaters can ramp up your energy bills

Generally, using oil for hot water is cheaper, owing to the higher average cost of electricity. However, if you're able to use a lower rate electricity tariff (such as Economy 7, where power is cheaper at night) at the right time, it can work out more cost-effective. This is also dependent on the efficiency of your central heating system.

The Energy Saving Trust says whether a combi or a standard boiler is cheaper to run will depend on your lifestyle and how much hot water you use.

With a standard boiler, water is heated by your boiler and stored in a hot water tank for when you need it. With a combi boiler, you don’t have a hot water tank and instead water is heated up instantly when you turn on the hot tap.

If your household doesn’t use too much water, combi boilers can be more efficient, as they don’t leave water sitting in a tank where it can lose heat. However, combi boilers tend to be less efficient at heating water in the first place, so if you’re a large household using lots of water it might be cheaper to have a standard boiler with a well-insulated tank.

For both combis and standard boilers, the main thing which will affect how expensive your boiler is to run is its efficiency. Having an A-rated condensing boiler (standard or combi) will be cheaper to run than an older non-condensing boiler.

To prevent frozen pipes, which can cause hundreds of pounds of damage, the Energy Saving Trust recommends you leave the heating on to some degree during winter even if you're not there.

Check your home insurance policy before you go away. The rule of thumb is to keep your heating at a minimum 12 degrees, rather than switching it off.