Easyjet or Ryanair passenger? You can claim a refund and £100s in compensation if you're wrongly told your passport isn't valid

If your flight's been delayed or cancelled, see our Flight delay compensation guide for full details on your rights.

Easyjet and Ryanair wrongly prevented passengers from boarding

The Independent first revealed last month that Easyjet and Ryanair had wrongly prevented some passengers from flying after overestimating how much time passengers needed left on their passports before they expired. Some MoneySavingExpert.com (MSE) readers have also complained to us about the same issues.

Pre-Brexit, you could travel to EU countries on your passport right up to the point it expired. Following Brexit, the rules changed and you now need to have at least three months left on it (see below for more on this). But it appears certain airlines have been making demands above and beyond these requirements.

Easyjet told us it has amended incorrect info on its website after The Independent got in touch, though many passengers may now be owed refunds and compensation, which they'll need to actively claim themselves (see below for more info on how to do this).

We've also seen complaints from Ryanair customers, though it has so far failed to respond to our requests for comment and it's unclear why the airline's staff have wrongly rejected passengers.

Here are some of the reports we've seen from affected customers:

You must check passport issue and expiry dates before European travel

New rules mean that if you're planning to travel from the UK on a British passport to an EU country (excluding Ireland) or Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, San Marino, Switzerland or Vatican City, then your passport needs to meet two requirements:

• It must have at least three months left on it after the day you plan to leave that EU country – not your date of entry.

• It must be less than 10 years old on the day you enter.

If you fail to meet one or both of the above requirements, you'll be denied travel. The problem with both Easyjet and Ryanair is that customers say they were WRONGLY told they needed to have at least six months left on their passports, not three months for travel to the EU.

See our Passport tips for more detail on passport validity and foreign travel requirements.

You're entitled to a full refund and money towards expenses – PLUS compensation on top – if it's the airline's fault

According to the UK aviation regulator, the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), passengers who have wrongly been refused entry on to a flight are entitled to either a full refund or an alternative flight. You can also make a claim for any reasonable expenses incurred if you wait for an alternative flight.

The CAA adds that passengers who've not been allowed to board a plane may also be due compensation if the airline is at fault. It couldn't tell us if airlines misinterpreting the rules on passport validity would be grounds for compensation, but Bott and Co – a law firm specialising in flight delay, cancellation and denied boarding claims – believes it would be.

Coby Benson, a solicitor at Bott and Co, told us: "Where the passport has been incorrectly read, then the denied boarding provisions absolutely apply."

Bott and Co added that scenarios where compensation and refunds/alternative flights would NOT be due include where a passenger misses a flight due to queues at airport security, or where an airline decides a passenger isn't allowed to fly because they're drunk or disruptive.

You could be due up to £520 in compensation if you're wrongly told not to board the plane

If eligible, how much compensation you're offered depends on a number of factors:

• If a replacement flight is offered. Compensation is determined based on the distance of the flight and the length of disruption to the alternative flight.

• If a replacement flight is not offered, and you choose not to travel. Compensation is based on the distance of the original flight.

• If a replacement flight is not offered and you book your own alternative flight. It's a bit of a grey area as to how compensation is determined, according to Bott and Co, though it said it should arguably be based on the distance of the original flight.

See the table below for full info:

How to claim a refund and compensation

Airlines have different procedures for claiming refunds and compensation, so check what method your airline wants you to use first. Just remember to explain what went wrong and state what you want in terms of compensation and/or reimbursement.

• Easyjet passengers can request a refund, make an expenses claim and launch a full claim for compensation online.

• Ryanair passengers need to email the airline to request a refund, though you can make an expenses and compensation claim online. You can also use our free complaints tool Resolver (select "Missed Flight" and "Denied Boarding") to help you submit an official complaint if you struggle to reach Ryanair's customer services team via email – though you'll only be given the option to phone or send a letter to the airline at the moment.

If your airline doesn't play ball, you can launch a formal complaint

If your initial request for a refund/alternative flight and compensation fails, you can use the airline's alternative dispute resolution (ADR) service to try to get what you're owed.

To be eligible to make a complaint against an airline, you must have already complained to the airline directly in writing and either received a final written response (sometimes referred to as a "deadlock letter") or given the airline eight weeks to respond to your dispute.

For both Easyjet and Ryanair, Aviation ADR handles complaints and claims for redress on behalf of passengers who have failed to get anywhere directly with the airline. You can submit your claim using its online form.

If Aviation ADR rejects your claim, the next step is to take it to the small claims court. See help on making a court claim.

For further information on your rights, visit our Flight compensation guide.